As the prevalence of DM is rising, it will be a major contributory risk factor of increased CVD events. The role of hyperglycemia as an independent risk factor for development of CVD is supported by the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS). On the other hand it is established that the diabetes itself is an independent risk factor for accelerating of atherosclerosis. While the leading cause of mortality worldwide, it is three to four times more common in diabetics than non-diabetics individuals. Ĭardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most threatening complication of diabetes. In diabetic patients, oxidative stress is evident within a few years after involvement and before complications become manifest. A significant reduction in the efficiency of antioxidant defenses and/or overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has a crucial role in the development of the diabetes complications. These aberrancies are almost always accompanied by oxidative stress. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic hyperglycemic state associated with serious cardiometabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity.
